秦冠苹果品种对苹果黑星病的组织学抗性研究Histocytological study of “Qinguan” cultivar resistant to apple scab
李贤成;陶飞;李海源;杨家荣;高立强;
摘要(Abstract)：
为揭示苹果抗病品种秦冠在组织细胞学水平上抗苹果黑星病的特征,本研究采用扫描和透射电镜技术,将苹果黑星菌Venturia inaequalis接种侵染寄主后,系统观察抗病品种秦冠和感病品种嘎啦的叶片组织和细胞结构变化。扫描电镜观察结果表明,黑星菌分生孢子悬浮液接种秦冠和嘎啦叶片48 h后,病菌沿叶脉生长扩展,其菌丝可从叶片气孔或直接侵入。透射电镜观察结果表明,秦冠叶片的角质层厚度明显高于嘎啦,其中秦冠角质层平均厚度为1.75μm,嘎啦为1.06μm。透射电镜观察结果表明,黑星菌菌丝在寄主叶肉细胞间扩展,导致嘎啦栅栏组织细胞萎缩,排列松散,叶绿体变形受损,细胞内出现较大淀粉粒和胞内物质外渗流失,并在后期发展成大量细胞坏死;而秦冠虽症状类似,但受损程度明显小于嘎啦。以上结果表明,秦冠在组织细胞学上对苹果黑星病具有抗侵染、抗扩展和延缓病程发展的作用,可作为苹果黑星病抗性育种材料加以利用。
关键词(KeyWords)： 苹果黑星病;黑星菌;超微结构;组织细胞学;秦冠
基金项目(Foundation): 高等学校学科创新引智计划(B07049);; 中央高校基本科研业务费(Z109021203);; 陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目(2015TTC-N-10-5)~~
作者(Authors): 李贤成;陶飞;李海源;杨家荣;高立强;
DOI: 10.13346/j.mycosystema.210101
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