徐鸿雁;谢占玲;孟清;马德娟;孙灵芝;

• 1:青海大学生态环境工程学院
• 2:青海大学农林科学院

摘要(Abstract)：

羊肚菌Morchella是全球广泛分布的食药用真菌，重金属镉(Cd)在羊肚菌中的积累受到越来越多的关注。然而，羊肚菌镉积累的机理尚不清楚。本研究通过在0–5.0mg/LCd浓度环境中培养小海绵羊肚菌Morchella spongiola，测定Cd胁迫下其菌丝生长速率、丙二醛(MDA)、过氧化氢(H_2O_2)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、抗坏血酸(ASA)及细胞Cd积累量等生理生化指标，旨在明晰小海绵羊肚菌响应Cd毒害的抗氧化防御响应机理。结果表明随着Cd浓度的增加，小海绵羊肚菌菌丝生长呈现出“升-降-升-降”的双峰响应变化，其中0.15、0.90和1.50 mg/L为菌丝生长Cd浓度关键拐点。Cd胁迫导致的氧化损伤与其初始浓度呈现正相关，胁迫3 d时MDA和H_2O_2含量显示出较大提升，5.0 mg/L处理组MDA和H_2O_2含量比对照组分别高出5.80倍和6.08倍。胁迫浓度、胁迫时间对抗氧化系统的影响各异，SOD、POD活性随浓度增大而逐渐升高，在1.5–5.0 mg/L浓度范围内，SOD和POD酶活性分别增加了1.96倍和2.15倍；CAT和GSH-Px酶活在0.15mg/L时达到最大值，之后增加Cd浓度酶活性被抑制；GSH和ASA含量在Cd胁迫初期呈浓度依赖性增加，胁迫5 d后表现二者含量先升高后降低。此外，小海绵羊肚菌胞外Cd积累量随着外源Cd浓度的提高而增加，而胞内Cd含量在浓度为1.5–5.0mg/L范围内无明显增加。本研究首次系统研究了小海绵羊肚菌响应Cd胁迫浓度、胁迫时间的动态趋势与内在变化规律，不仅为羊肚菌与重金属相互作用关系研究奠定基础，也为羊肚菌用于Cd污染废水生物修复提供了理论依据。

关键词(KeyWords)： 小海绵羊肚菌;镉;浓度拐点;镉吸收;抗氧化酶

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 青海省科技计划国际合作专项(2021-HZ-802)~~

作者(Authors): 徐鸿雁;谢占玲;孟清;马德娟;孙灵芝;

DOI: 10.13346/j.mycosystema.210356

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